Sponges Respire Through Diffusion Rather, each cell is independent and performs its own oxygen, food and waste processes using diffusion. As it passes through the channels and chambers inside the sponge, bacteria and tiny particles are taken up from the water as food. Water is drawn into the sponge through tiny holes called incurrent pores. In order obtain food, sponges pass water through their bodies in a process known as filter-feeding. Bacteria smaller than 0.5 microns in size are trapped by choanocytes, which are the principal cells engaged in feeding, and are ingested by phagocytosis. Their food is trapped as water passes through the ostia and out through the osculum. Sponges lack complex digestive, respiratory, circulatory, and nervous systems. They are, therefore, known as filter feeders. Because sponges are sessile, meaning they cannot move, they filter water to obtain their food. Sponges must pump water through their bodies in order to eat.
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